News
Was the Titanic insured?
By John Healy of Healy Insurances
On April 14, 1912 the titanic - at the time the most luxurious ocean liner ever built - collided with an iceberg during her maiden voyage.
It was a human disaster on a massive scale where 1,514 people perished. But what of the Titanic itself, was it insured for loss?
At the time of the disaster, Lloyds of London and the media were still in the early stages of using wireless telegraphy to communicate with ships at sea. Lloyd’s was a significant contributor to the new technology and, with the help of inventor Guglielmo Marconi, had set up signal stations from Cornwall to Canada so that vessels crossing the Atlantic could communicate with land.
The Lloyd’s signal station in Halifax, Nova Scotia, was called Cape Race, and was the first to hear the news that the ship was sinking. Other signal stations issued conflicting reports, resulting in great confusion. Two days later, some newspapers still thought the Titanic had survived, and was being towed to Halifax.
Lloyd’s, however, understood the situation. Underwriters began to trade ‘overdue insurance’ – a form of reinsurance commonly purchased after a marine incident.
The Chicago Record Herald of April 16 conveyed the market’s heightened emotion under the headline ‘Lloyd’s near to panic’: “Insurance losses in the last six months have been unparalleled in the history of Lloyd’s in liners of the biggest class. Both the Delhi and the Oceana have been wrecked, and now comes the disaster to the Titanic...".
Back on January 9, broker Willis Faber & Co had come to Lloyd’s underwriting room to insure the Titanic and her sister ship, the Olympic, on behalf of the White Star Line. It was considered a prestigious risk, with cover for the hull alone standing at £1m – around £95m in today’s money. Numerous Lloyd’s syndicates put their names on the slip, covering amounts ranging from £10,000 to £75,000. Willis was able to negotiate a favourable premium for this proudly ‘unsinkable’ vessel of just £7,500.
Despite the high levels of claims arising from the tragedy, insurers paid out in full within 30 days.
From Lloyd’s perspective, the Titanic will long be remembered as one of the market’s biggest losses alongside major natural and manmade catastrophes such as the loss of HMS Lutine in 1799, the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and more recently 9/11, Hurricane Katrina and the Japanese earthquake and tsunami of 2011.
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